LIB 316 Week 3 Final Research Paper Rough Draft Essay

Final Research Paper Rough Draft. For Week Three you are responsible for writing a rough draft for your Final Research Paper in which you analyze a specific historical theme we’ve studied as it is developed in two literary works read or discussed in the textbook during the semester. Use the â€Å"themes† list below as a guide and then once you have chosen the theme you want to examine, select two literary texts where you feel this theme is best reflected. You can choose any two texts read in this course but the selections must be from the course textbook. Your draft and final version should be organized around a thesis statement about the theme and your selected literary works. Select one of the following themes for the Final Research Paper: ? Democracy and reform movements ? Workers and the Industrial Revolution ? The â€Å"woman question† ? The â€Å"white man’s burden† ? Imperialism and the colonial project ? The Great Depression ? The impact of technology on 20th century warfare ? Holocaust/genocide ? Cold War ? Nationalism ? Totalitarianism ? Decolonization ? Race racism ? Environmentalism and climate change ? Globalization ?Hybrid national identities ? Dystopia ? Magical realism Get a map of the college campus and find and visit the important places on campus. You can get valuable information on school-specific scholarship opportunities in this way. Colleges commonly give scholarships to students who are accepted. By going to the admissions office and talking to the officer there, you’ll be able to know if you’re getting the best deal on your education. The file LIB 316 Week 3 Final Research Paper Rough Draft †¦ To download this tutorial follow the link – https://bitly. com/1wySLOi Get a map of the college campus and find and visit the important places on campus. You can get valuable information on school-specific scholarship opportunities in this way. Colleges commonly give scholarships to students who are accepted. By going to the admissions office and talking to the officer there, you’ll be able to know if you’re getting the best deal on your education. Business – General Business Final Research Paper Rough Draft. For Week Three you are responsible for writing a rough draft for your Final Research Paper in which you analyze a specific historical theme we’ve studied as it is developed in two literary works read or discussed in the textbook during the semester. Use the â€Å"themes† list below as a guide and then once you have chosen the theme you want to examine, select two literary texts where you feel this theme is best reflected. You can choose any two texts read in this course but the selections must be from the course textbook. Your draft and final version should be organized around a thesis statement about the theme and your selected literary works. Select one of the following themes for the Final Research Paper: ? Democracy and reform movements ? Workers and the Industrial Revolution ? The â€Å"woman question† ? The â€Å"white man’s burden† ? Imperialism and the colonial project ? The Great Depression ? The impact of technology on 20th century warfare ? Holocaust/genocide ? Cold War ? Nationalism ? Totalitarianism ? Decolonization ? Race racism ? Environmentalism and climate change ? Globalization ?Hybrid national identities ? Dystopia ? Magical realism †¦

Case Study: What Is Up with Wall Street?

NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Learner: Demetrice S. Campbell | | MGT7019-8| Douglas Buck| | | Ethics in Business| #3 Paper- Case study: What is Up With Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray| | | Academic Integrity: All work submitted in each course must be the Learner’s own. This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by the faculty mentor.The known submission of another person’s work represented as that of the Learner’s without properly citing the source of the work will be considered plagiarism and will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitted or for the entire course, and may result in academic dismissal. ————————————————- ————————————————- ——â €”—————————————- Faculty Use Only ————————————————- ————————————————- ————————————————- lt;Faculty Name> Running Head: What Is Up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray What is up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray Demetrice S. Campbell Ethics in Business November 11, 2012 Abstract Case Study of Goldman Sachs What is up with Wall Street? The Goldman Standard and Shades of Gray was a case study focused on the company Goldman Sachs and the unfolding of a horrible decision that affected the economic structure of our bank ing system, stock shares, and the government.Their strategies to make a more successful business, ended with them being greedy for more money and success. These strategies lead to questions of their ethical standards in their business practices. The company was founded by Marcus Goldman and Samuel Sachs in 1869 (Jennings, 2012). The company was supposed to provide loans to small businesses, but instead Goldman wanted to do investments. Greed caused the company to turn a blind eye to what was really going on and this resulted in several downfalls for the company and others involved.The 1929 market crash was one result of the company’s practices. Rather than doing what was right, Goldman and Sachs just carried on running into many walls. The problem to be investigated is the ethical standards of the company in relation to their investors and the price they pay. Introduction The problem to be investigated here is the ethical standards of the company in relation to their investor s and the price they pay. In the corporate world, business ethics are very important and can be costly. Sometimes ethics can be over looked to motivate people.Ethics should be important elements of our day to day functions. It is important to realize the importance of business ethics if you want your business to grow. This could have a positive or negative impact on the productivity of the company. Business ethics are made up of a lot of subjective topics. Some people think that business ethics are comparative. There are many things that businesses take part in that can be seen as gray area. Gray areas are situations in which the rules are not clear, or you are not sure what is right or wrong.Key items include lying and false representation. Goldman may have committed both these behaviors just to have greed and a successful company. Things that Goldman did that would be in the gray area include: a. Sophisticated Investor–by definition, it is to escape full disclosure to its c lients. Goldman made offerings to sophisticated investors, but failed to tell the whole story and their position in the investment or the market. Since then, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act has better clarified the definition to prevent firms from withholding information b.Analysts and two opinions—He failed to follow the rules on the consistency between the analysts’ internal conversations and their communications and the external recommendations of the SEC rules require because it was for a particular group as strategists. The rules did not apply if their name did not have the word analyst in it. c. Auction rate securities—it took state law to come up with a settlement of these problems. The SEC had difficulties applying regulations and laws to this behavior of bidding up the price and then not buying.The clients were not aware that Goldman was bidding on the securities. Goldman’s response as well as some others was that there was always investmen t houses bidding in such auctions. d. IPO allocation and structure of the market—this also was eventually settled, but not without the insistent small fines and new rules on IPO allocations and agreements between the clients on second-wave agreements to buy more. e. IPO profitability changes prior to IPO—Goldman failed to share that the steady drift from three years of profit to one year then down to one quarter.This was sort of a unique legal problem in regards to the profitability standard to one quarter because the financials were available on the dot-coms for the investors to see. Nothing was being disclosed. f. Partnership to corporation structure—When Goldman decided to change from partnership to a corporation, this shielded them from being liable, where as being the principals, you put it all on the line. The move to a corporation with limited liability resulted in riskier practices taken by the firm.Goldman was guilty creating a company and buying 90 per cent of the shares with its own money. This practice made the public want in on the deal not knowing they were being misled. This allowed him to sell the shares he bought for more money; while he buys more shares on the secondary market and causes the share prices to increase. He then turned around and used his money to create another corporation. (Jennings, 2012) Goldman was also engaged in laddering, which is an agreement between Goldman and its best clients for the distribution of a portion of the IPO at a reestablished price.However, under a laddering arrangement, those clients also had to agree to purchase a certain number of shares later during the IPO rollout at a price of $10 to $15 higher. (Jennings, 2012) Goldman also participated in auction-rate markets. He gave loans to executive members in exchange for shares. Many of the issues included the nondisclosure of facts that an investor would have deemed very important in making their investment decisions. Goldman and Sachs w ere guilty of false impression, simply because the investors were not aware of their position in the market.There is also the point of moral vulnerability and how allowing AIG to be bailed out provided a cover for Mr. Goldman and his sneaky business practices. Then there is the â€Å"too big to fail† issue, this is important because the investors were the one who lost money, not Goldman. He was protected. The front page of the newspaper test was a winner in this case because the headlines did not prove to be flattering for Goldman. The Senator’s questions reflected the struggle of the people who were trying to understand how and what Mr.Goldman had done complied to the law, but still come across as a deceptive practice. The law is only one part of the ethical analysis. Goldman failed to think through the consequences of additional regulations, the fines that would be involved, and the clients because of the perception that he could not be trusted and may not always be acting in the best interest of the client. There areas affected by the Goldman model and gray areas include: investors, the market, the U. S. conomy and the global economy, AIG, AIG investors, employees of AIG and other companies and investment banks that had to be dissolved or acquired or reduced in size, employees of dot-coms, beneficiaries of donations by companies and investment bankers, nonprofits also were affected because they had their endowment funds invested, real estate markets because of the impact in value, all those affected by a slump in the real estate market including real estate agents and brokers, contractors, furniture and window covering companies, decorators, landscapers. A little of everything was affected by these strategies and gray areas.Some of the people that were effect by Goldman’s decisions were his clients as well as some of the top employees, such as Lloyd Blankfein. (Jennings, 2012) Investors thought they were going to receive money on their purchase. No employee or officer should take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts, or any other illegal trade practice. (Jennings, 2012) The main factors that contributed to the way that the employees, executives, traders, and advisers made their decisions were money and political power.The idea of being â€Å"Filthy rich by 40,† and the enticement is what produced so many millionaires so early in their lives. Many companies are cutting back on their financial-incentive programs, but there are many things that can be used to motivate employees. Goldman worked â€Å"toes to the line† culture, always looking to find the next big loophole available. The culture was also, â€Å"If it is legal, then it is ethical†; which is not always the case. (Jennings, 2012) Goldman’s behaviors are a typical image of Carr’s theories. (Jennings, 2012) Could it be bluffing of Goldman to not reveal their positions or were they just tricking innocent people?Not everybody is aware and knowledgeable of the rules of the Wall Street. The larger investment bankers clearly were aware because of their own involvement in IPOs to auction securities to their structuring of the CDOs. However, these investments made their way to the retail level where the knowledge base was nonexistent. Goldman and others believed them to be sophisticated investors by definition and it was unnecessary to share. However, that definition has now changed and more disclosure is required because they obviously did not understand the double positions.This is saying that the culture that existed at Goldman before will stay the same. The drive to be successful and the fact that Goldman does not feel that its client base will be affected is why things will go on as business as usual. In other words, Goldman emerges with a fine but little remorse and a plan to go forward with the status quo. It does not seem as if any lessons were learned. Compare & Contrast Senator Collins has made clear that there was no legal fiduciary duty, but she questioned whether Goldman needed to act in its clients’ best interests as an issue of good business practice.The discussion states, Goldman struggled with that answer and could only come to the conclusion that it was â€Å"an interesting idea. † Goldman had a mentality that only the strong can survive in the markets. However, he did not take into account that with new regulations and the changes in the market; he could no longer engage in those legally gray areas and would be obligated to compete on a different foundation other than his normal loopholes Conclusion Business ethics are very important to have but sometimes they can conflict with personal ethics.Owning a business can be a risky task. You have to make the decision of what is more important to you, is it the money that drives you or the will to do what is right and ethical. Goldman was not producing but he trick the investors into giving money without every showing anything. This is a very common thing that most investors never realize until they have lost millions of dollars. References Jennings, M. (2012). Business ethics: Case studies and selected readings. (7th  Ed. ). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Mercy Killing or Murder? Essay

It has been exactly one month ago your mother told you she has cancer and it is inoperable. The doctor have her three months to live and told her that the cancer would be very painful and would spread to her brain causing her to be very confused and disoriented. Now you stand before your mother, a mere shadow of the person she once was. She looks at you with tears in her eyes and asks you to do something that you would never consider doing in a million years. Your mother that you love more than life itself has just asked you to help her commit suicide. She tells you she cannot stand the pain anymore and she cannot bear to see the family stand around her crying, hoping and praying that she will get better knowing she will not†¦ What would you say to her? Would you or could you help her? Would you ask the doctor to do it for you? These are just a few questions one would be faced with if put into that situation. On one hand, you want to do whatever your mother tells you to do. However, on the other hand actually you would be committing murder in the eyes of the law. Euthanasia in my opinion should be a freedom of choice because it provides a way for individuals to relieve extreme pain, it allows individuals to die with dignity, and it frees up medical funds to help other individuals. Although, some may conclude that euthanasia would not only be for people who are terminally ill, it would become non-voluntary, and it would become a means of health care cost containment. Euthanasia provides a way for individuals to relieve extreme pain. Many people fear the lingering effects of chronic illness, when pain and the inability to control one’s body reduce the quality of life (Kavanaugh). What person wants to live if their life is nothing but pain from the time they wake up until they fall asleep. Most people who have these life ending illnesses also have to heal with having to have someone take care of them twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. This is where most individuals lose what dignity they have. Poor mental health can be treated- medications, psychotherapy, etc. – whereas terminally ill individuals plagued with excruciating pain death is inevitable (Humphry). What kind of life is it to have someone do everything for you? Basically, these individuals are like life size dolls that have to be bathed, dressed, and feed by someone in order to live. There cannot be many individuals who want to live their remaining days on this earth in that situation. Euthanasia allows individuals to die with dignity. When a person has no quality of life, then they should be able to choose to die because it is unfair to force them to continue living (Smith). It is understandable that someone would rather die than have to wear diapers and have someone there that has to take it off and clean up after them. That is just one of the very many things that cause a person to lose their dignity. Human life is sacred it should not be degraded by reducing the quality of life for the sake of extending the quality of life (Green). Family members also go through tremendous grief watching their loved one day after day suffer. Most individuals will tell you that after their loved one has passed away they are glad they are not suffering anymore. Euthanasia provides relief not only for the individual who is suffering, also for the family members who have to endure seeing their loved one suffer and watch lay in utter embarrassment due to the fact that they cannot control their bodily functions anymore. Euthanasia frees up medical funds to help other individuals. Money saved could be used towards saving people who can be or towards research into why their condition cannot be cured (Flemming). Doctors could be on the brink of discovering a cure to a certain illness but they cannot get the funding needed to continue their research because the money went to keep a few individuals alive who were diagnosed with only a month to live. Is that fair to the parents of a five year old who is waiting for that research to be done so their son or daughter could be able to live a full life, grow old, and have children of their own? It would also help the financial burden that would occur on the remaining family members. An individual staying in the hospital one month could accumulate charges in the tens of thousands of dollars. Millions of dollars of taxpayer’s money is spent keeping alive and caring for many people who are just waiting in hospitals to die (Humphry). Can you imagine the research doctors could do with that kind of money? Maybe if a few of those who were diagnosed with only a month to live and wanted to end their life had the freedom to do so, doctors could use the money saved and put it towards finding a cure for whatever that individual was dying from. Who knows, maybe the next person that came along with that illness would be cured due to the fact that a few certain individuals choose to end their lives by euthanasia. Euthanasia would not only be for people who are â€Å"terminally ill. † The legalization of euthanasia would be devastating because it would have mentally ill and depressed individuals that do have some hope of recovery wanting to end their lives (Weir 58). Individuals who are depressed might at that very moment think they want to end their life. Nevertheless, what about a few days later when things do not seem so awful. That individual may not choose euthanasia. Depression, in my opinion should not be a factor in someone wanting to end his or her life. The reason being is that when someone is depressed they may feel like they do not want to live another day, but the next day they might feel very different. That is the problem with someone being diagnosed with depression. One day they may want to die, the next day they may feel like they are on top of the world and want nothing more than to live. An article in the journal, Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior, described euthanasia guidelines for those with a hopeless condition, â€Å"hopeless condition† was defined to include terminal illness, severe physical or psychological pain, physical or mental debilitation or deterioration, or a quality of life no longer acceptable to the individual (Braddock). How can any guidelines be set due to the fact that everyone’s idea of an acceptable quality of life is different? What you may think is a good quality of life; another individual may think that if they had to live like that they would go insane. There needs to be more research done on these guidelines before they are set in stone. Euthanasia can become a means of health care cost containment. Legalized euthanasia raises the potential for a profoundly dangerous situation in which doctors could find themselves far better off financially if a seriously ill or disabled person â€Å"chooses† to die rather than receive long-term health care (Smith). This concept would put individuals and their families in an awkward position. Knowing you’re going to die in only a matter of months, do you decide to go ahead and end your life knowing the money saved will help someone else, or do you tough it out waiting and hoping that some kind of miracle cure comes in the nick of time giving you another chance at life? Their doctors might course individuals with HMO’s into euthanasia because HMO’s are all about making money (Dyck). No individual should be made to feel guilty about wanting to live, especially by his or her insurance carrier or doctor. No one should be pressured into making that decision especially when they are ill. Doctors take the Hippocratic Oath before they begin to practice. They swear in this oath to protect life, not to try to end it. If doctors start being coursed by insurance carriers this would go against everything they are suppose to believe in. Some doctors in this world who are all about making money and the legalization of euthanasia would give those unscrupulous doctors the perfect opportunity to make more money. Euthanasia will become non-voluntary. Emotional and psychological pressures could become overpowering for depressed or dependent people causing them to opt for euthanasia (Smith). If doctors start suggesting euthanasia to their patients, those patients may feel like the doctor knows what is best for their situation and actually consider euthanasia only because they feel like the doctor is pressuring them. Before the doctor suggested euthanasia, it was not even a considered by the patient. Doctors need to realize what kind of influence that they have over patients before they start suggesting euthanasia, especially when it comes to the elderly. Most elderly people feel as if their doctor that they have been with for years is some kind of â€Å"God† and will listen to and do just about whatever the doctor tells them. If the choice of euthanasia is considered as good as a decision to receive care, many people will feel guilty for not choosing death (Flemming). This is where euthanasia becomes a problem. Euthanasia goes against most people’s religious belief. However, if the doctor is telling them that it is ok, how are these elderly individuals going to be able to make a sound decision? Euthanasia is a very complex topic, one with many doubts and unanswered questions. The question society needs to answer is not: is euthanasia morally permissible (it has tacitly conceded that it is), but which type of euthanasia is permissible, and under what conditions? The power to terminate life, at present, solely rests in the hands of the medical profession and is not exempt from misuse or abuse. Euthanasia should be a freedom of choice in my opinion, it not only provides individuals relief from extreme pain, it allows them to die with dignity, and it frees up medical funds to help others that are in need. However, some individuals may feel that euthanasia would not only be for people who are â€Å"terminally ill,† it would become non-voluntary, and it it would become a means of health care cost containment. I do not claim to hold the answers to the difficult questions euthanasia raises, nor do I claim to be a pro euthanasia lobbyist. However, I do believe that if an individual is terminally ill and feel that their quality of life is not acceptable, he or she should have the right to choose to either let nature take its course, or choose euthanasia and die with dignity. Work Cited Braddock, Clarence. Physician-Assisted Suicide, Ethics in Medicine. 11 Apr 2008 Univ. of Washington School of Medicine 19 Apr 2008 http://depts. washington. edu/bioethx/topics/pas. html Dyck, Arthur. Life’s Worth: The Case Against Assisted Suicide Economy and Society. AD 2000 16. 2 05 March 2003 http://www. ad2000. com. au/articles/2003/march2003p17_1281. html Flemming, Rebecca. â€Å"Suicide, Euthanasia and Medicine: Reflections ancient and Modern† Economy and Society. 34. 2 (2005) 295-321 Ebscohost. Hazard Community and Technical Coll. Lib, Hazard, Ky. 19 Apr. 2008

Should legal scholars help public decision makers to ensure that Essay

Should legal scholars help public decision makers to ensure that contract law takes proper account of commercial reality - Essay Example This paper discusses whether the legal scholars should help the public decision makers in ensuring that the contract law takes commercial reality into consideration. For the purpose of this study various other aspects of contract law in conjunction with commercial situations has been analyzed and discussed in the ensuing paragraphs. Section one discusses the whether the commercial law can be changed to suit the market needs. Section two ponders over the issue of the appropriateness of courts as institutions for devising and framing market friendly laws. The subsequent sections discusses and analyzes the role of law in expanding and contracting market reach as well as the impact of instrumental desires and legalistic regimes on the markets. A detailed discussion on various schools of thoughts, impact of inclusion of academic (legal) theory and objectives etc have been included in the essay to lend credibility to the discussions and conclusions arrived there from. The Law is framed to serve the primary objective of establishing order and justice within a given society1. The Commercial Law proposes a legal framework which accelerates the process of trade by elevating effectiveness, faith and dependency and dissuading fraudulence and immorality by implementing effective laws such as contract law and trade practices legislation. It is imperative that the markets would either recede into disarray leading to commotion and anarchy or into self regulation in the absence of an efficient and impartial legal system. Although what outcomes the markets might be subjected to is a disputable issue, the advocates of the formalist perspective – an ideal which propagates the existence of a formal universal legal system suggest that such a legal system would offer ultimate benefit to the market. However, Posner2 (1996) contends that the law would hold relatively more significance â€Å"under a variety of plausible

Strategic Management Unit 5 DB week two Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Strategic Management Unit 5 DB week two - Essay Example This made InBev, which is originally Brazilian, the largest beer maker. In 2007 the new company boasted $36.4 billion in net sales. The company became in charge of 300 independent brands once the two had sealed the deal. Although the company was bought out, Anheuser Busch was well involved in the new management as its director and CEO were given positions in management, which business wise was sure to give it longevity. The acquisition was majorly successful owing solely to the fact that InBev did their research into the weaknesses their target company had, painted a clear picture of how they could be faced with so many hurdles in the case that they turned out to be long term and this could result in bankruptcy (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan 2006). $580 million is the stunning price that News Corp put on the table in its desire to purchase MySpace. The purchase proved to be fruitful up until 2008 when Facebook completely took over the networking world as the leading social site completely displacing MySpace (Ulijn 2010). The downward trend continued until the company sold MySpace off to Specific Media at $35 million, which was as good a deal as they would get. This acquisition failed solely because NewsCorp was a little rush in its purchase and did not fully consider the possibility of harsh competition and as such had little to no preparation for the

Economic Growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economic Growth - Essay Example Economic growth is widely defined as ‘the sustained increase in real per capita incomes’ (Gould, pp. 1, 1972). The definition can be broken down into small pieces. The growth that occurs should be ‘sustained’ because short-term changes in the economy do not count. There should be an increase in ‘real’ income. This takes into account inflation, which cuts down the monetary value of goods and services. Moreover, the definition includes ‘per capita’ for it has to ensure that the increase in the income is distributed evenly across the population. Economic growth is shown by a shift in the Production Possibility Curve (PPC) of a curve outwards since it indicates that there is an increase in the capacity to produce goods (Mukherjee, pp. 239, 2002). Broadly, economic growth encompasses living standards in various countries as well. Economic growth is a global topic and quite a compelling one (Weil, pp. 19, 2009). It is also a topic, which has been studied since the days of Adam Smith (Helpman, pp. ix, 2005). Economic growth is bound to be desirable when the benefits to the economy and the society are more than the costs. In economic terms, these costs and benefits are termed externalities. In essence, if social welfare has increased, then the economic growth has been desirable. Essentially, economic growth leads to an increase in national income. It achieves that through more investment whether private or government funded, leading to an expansion in consumption. The advocates of economic growth place great emphasis on the increment of material possessions. Economic growth therefore increases living standards.... 32, 2004). This increase in national income can be shown through a diagram: (Intermediate Economics, n.p, n.d) As shown in the diagram, as the aggregate expenditure (AE) which consists of Consumption and Investment among other things increase, the national income increases from A to B. In this sense, an increase in investment might also spur off employment opportunities. Therefore, increases in economic growth may indicate more jobs have been created, thus balancing the economic cycle (Clarke, Islam, pp. 32, 2004). Proponents of growth further argue that an increase in growth leads the society to increase social welfare in the sense that there is redistribution of income from the wealthy to the poor. This has been achieved through increased incomes, which are progressively taxed leading to an increase in social security payments for the poor (Karl E, pp. 676, 2007). There is an accelerator effect of growth on capital investment. Because aggregate demand increases in times of economic growth due to an increase in national income, more output is produced. This encourages investment in capital machinery. In addition, during times of economic growth, there is a boost in business confidence. Investors would want to invest in an economy where the aggregate demand is high for they can pursue better profits (Tutor2u.net, N.P. n.d). As mentioned above, economic growth leads to an increase in the ‘Aggregate Demand’ (AD) of a country. If the aggregate supply (AS) is not keeping up with the increase in AD, then there might to inflation. Therefore, there is a trade off between inflation and economic growth. Inflation is particularly harmful for a country for it erodes the value of the currency. (Harper College, n.p, n.d). In the diagram above, it can be seen that

Franz Kalfa's Metamorphosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Franz Kalfa's Metamorphosis - Essay Example Although the family continues to care for him, providing him with food and water and cleaning his room once a day, Gregor becomes more and more detached from them, eventually finding it difficult to keep track of what has been happening around him. His room becomes dirtier, his family becomes less attentive and he becomes less concerned with their welfare in connection with his own. As his sister and mother move his personal furniture out of his room, he leaves the room with a mind toward helping his sister, but is instead attacked by his father, becoming wounded in the process when an apple thrown at him becomes lodged in his back. Rather than tending to his wounds, the family locks him back in his room again where the apple is able to fester for months. The room becomes the general receptacle of household debris before Gregor’s final attempt to reconnect with his family results in such harsh and complete rejection that he simply crawls back in his room and dies. Through the story, Kafka uses the concept of work to highlight some of the problems of the human condition. It can be argued that Gregor’s transformation is a literal indication of his feelings of separation from humanity, including from the members of his own family, as can be seen in from the very beginning of the story. Despite waking up to find himself in the form of a bug, Gregor’s primary concern remains to get to work in order to continue supporting the family who has been dependent upon him for the past five years. As he reflects upon his position, he reveals the level of disconnectedness that has already occurred between himself and his family, indeed the rest of humanity, since he took a job as a traveling salesman: â€Å"And apart from business itself, this plague of traveling: the anxieties of changing trains, the irregular, inferior meals, the ever changing faces, never to be seen again, people with whom one has no chance to be friendly† (13). Even in his own home, he

Ethics and Professional Code of Conduct Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethics and Professional Code of Conduct - Essay Example Integrity ensures that such persons respect the citizens’ constitutional rights, liberty and adhere to the values of justice and fairness in their duties to the citizens (Gaines & Kappeler, 2011, p 345). In this case, the professional is capable of ensuring fairness in his or her duties and refraining from unjust use of authority. Secondly, ethics and integrity ensures that police chief exercises reasonable courtesy while interacting with the public. In this case, the police chief or county sheriff is able to refrain from mocking, embarrassing, ridiculing or humiliating subordinates or fellow officers in order to incite them to violence. Thirdly, ethics and integrity will enable such professionals to observe confidentiality of information that is available to them in their capacity as senior law enforcement officers (Gaines & Kappeler , p 343). The officers should not willfully violate any legal restrictions that restrict the dissemination of the private information and should not disclose information that may endanger the life of a complaint or victim to a crime. There is a clear difference between ethics, morality and law as pertains to the duties of law enforcement officers. Ethics are external standards that are set by the law enforcement profession and are regarded as the social system or framework that should offer the acceptable behavior in the execution of duties of the law enforcement officer (Hess & Orthmann, 2011, p189). Morality refers to the law enforcement officer’s own principles regarding what is right or wrong. Morality is internal as it reflects the habits, beliefs, culture, and religion of an individual while ethics are external since they are set by the profession. Morality is guided by the existing cultural norms while the ethics are guided by the legal and professional guidelines. Dutelle (2011) asserts that the morals are

Energy efficiency in Saudi Arabia Research Paper

Energy efficiency in Saudi Arabia - Research Paper Example The paper tells that Saudi Arabian government has become adequately aware about the need to depend more on renewable forms of energy instead of fossil fuel. Though the nation is abundant in oil that ensures cheap availability of energy; the economic, environmental, and social consequences of a total reliance on fossil fuel have become obvious through various studies. Also, the Saudi Arabian terrain proved itself rich in renewable sources like solar and wind energy. The harnessing of such alternative sources poses various challenges because of their higher cost of production and fluctuating nature. Because of their fluctuating nature, it has become necessary to store them for future use. Thus, the article by Rahman et al looks into the present day energy sector in Saudi Arabia and the geographical and environmental conditions of Saudi Arabia to introduce various storage systems that are currently available. Rahman et al write the article with a complete understanding of the energy sec tor of Saudi Arabia. The article acknowledges the shortcomings of the present day energy storage systems and the need to store renewable energy in Saudi Arabia. Though there are certain advancements in the storage of energy, the growth has not been sufficient to meet the demands. Quoting Lee and Gushee, the scholars point out that if renewable energy has to become an important part of base load dispatchable power; and, it should develop the capacity for massive electricity storage. In order to assess the usability and challenges of using various storage systems in Saudi Arabia, the first factor taken into consideration is the climatic condition. It is pointed out by the scholars that batteries are highly sensitive to weather conditions such as ‘temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure and wind speed’ (ibid). Saudi Arabia possesses a desert climate with extreme heat during the day and cold at night. Inconsistent rainfall and significant variation in temperatur e and humidity also makes the climate of the region unique. Thereafter, the scholars look into the energy supply and demand in Saudi Arabia. It is found that while Central Operating Area (COA) is considered, the maximum load during the day is 9725MW and the minimum load is 7290MW (Rahman, et al, 2012). Similarly, peak load occurs in the month of July and minimum load occurs in the month of January; and they are 9725MW and 2133MW respectively (ibid). Thus, Rahman, et al (2012) find that the average load remains below 8500MW for 16 hours in a day. So, the suggestion is that if EESS system can supply the load during peak hours, it can be charged during the off-peak hours. After acknowledging the fact that energy storage system in Saudi Arabia needs to meet all these requirements, the work looks into the major energy storage systems that seem useful in Saudi Arabia. The systems are divided into three categories based on their nature: mechanical systems, electrical systems, and chemical systems (Rahman, et al, 2012). The first mechanical system examined by the scholars is pumped hydroelectric energy storage. In this system water is pumped and stored at higher elevations. When required, this water is released onto a turbine to generate electricity. The second mechanical system is the flywheel that can generate uninterrupted DC power supply when coupled with innovative components. The third system is the compressed air energy system in which air is compressed and stored in a vessel during off-peak hours and then

The confidence of Saudi Consumers in the credibility of seasonal sales Literature review - 1

The confidence of Saudi Consumers in the credibility of seasonal sales of international brands - Literature review Example Current paper focuses on the examination of the perceptions of Saudi consumers on international brands. Particular emphasis is given on the confidence of Saudi Consumers in the credibility of seasonal sales of international clothing brands. The literature published in regard to this subject is critically analyzed aiming to identify the views of Saudi consumers on the seasonal sales developed by the international brands. The performance of international brands in the Saudi market is examined; due to the lack of adequate material on the views of Saudi consumers on seasonal sales, an effort has been made to cover the relevant gap by analyzing the criteria on which the choice of consumers on international brands is based. The strategies used by marketers for increasing the trust of consumers to various products/ services are also analyzed. Furthermore, the international brands of firms operating in the clothing industry in Saudi Arabia are presented. It is proved that the marketing strat egies used in Saudi Arabia for the promotion of these brands have certain characteristics; moreover, it is made clear that the marketing policies used in Saudi Arabia for the promotion of these brands are quite effective. Significant prospects exist for further growth of the firms operating in the particular sector of the Saudi market. 2. ... On the other hand, Fink (2000) notes that in each market, the level of retail sales can be a credible indicator regarding the consumer confidence in the particular market (Fink 2000). It is not explained though whether there are specific marketing strategies that can increase the consumer confidence, which in turn will lead to the increase of retail sales. Referring specifically to the fashion sector, Hirschbichler (2011) notes that the sector’s managers are likely to use two strategies in order to improve the performance of their stores, i.e. increase the numbers of their customers: a) the Quick Response Strategy, a strategy focusing in the establishment of an effective supply chain; it is explained that the above method is particularly valuable in practice, as proved through the case of Zara; by adopting the above strategy the specific firm managed to reduce the time required for responding to the orders of its customers, and its performance has been significantly increased. The above strategy would be also used by retailers in Saudi Arabia, as a tool for increasing the confidence of their customers in the product/ services involved; b) ‘Collaborative planning, forecasting and replenishment’ (Hirschbichler 2011, p.6), meaning the cooperation with other members of the team for increasing the effectiveness of the strategies including in a particular marketing plan (Hirschbichler 2011, p.6). Between the two strategies proposed above, the study of Hirschbichler the second one is considered as more effective, covering an important area of the market. Another aspect of consumer confidence is presented in the study of Jacobson et al (2001); in the above study, it is made clear that the most effective way for increasing

The controversy of water fluoridation Research Paper

The controversy of water fluoridation - Research Paper Example One particular issue has to do with the overall potential benefit for drawbacks that this fluoridation might necessarily affect. For the most part, it is been broadly accepted that water fluoridation is beneficial to the overall health of individuals within society. For the most part, this benefit has been tangentially related to dental health. However, there are also been claims by many scientists and researchers that fluoride within drinking water also benefits the overall bone health within an individual that is exposed to it. Furthermore, this practice has been approved and supported by both the American Medical Association and the American dental Association since 1951 and 1953 respectively. Essentially, two government agencies are ultimately responsible for overseeing the way in which fluoride is represented within the water supply in the United States. These government agencies are the Federal Drug Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency. The government requirem ents for fluoridation of water and acceptable levels stipulate that the maximum level of fluoride that can be found in public water should not exceed 4 ppm (parts per million) (Vandana, 2014). In several studies that have been conducted nation-wide, this has been found to have been exceeded. For the most part, there is a great dearth of effective and fully scientific studies that have been conducted as a means of determining the potential drawbacks or extant benefits that water fluoridation is able to effect. This is unique and at the very least somewhat troubling; in light of the fact that the nation’s water supply has been fluoridated for well over 60 years now. As such, the following analysis will pay a special level of attention to some of the positive and potential negative effects that water fluoridation may have on the populace. Through such a level of examination and

Frida Kahlo Essay Example for Free

Frida Kahlo Essay The â€Å"Henry Ford Hospital† (The Flying Bed) completed in 1932, created by the artist Frida Kahlo was her first painting on tin. The painting contains all components of â€Å"Frida Style† ex-voto (retablo); which is small in size, painted on tin, portrays a tragic event and an inscription. The style used for this painting is Surrealism. This work is made by Oil on Metal. The dimensions of the work are 12  ¼Ã¢â‚¬  x 15  ½Ã¢â‚¬  In a shape of a Rectangle. Frida used rich colors to express strong feelings. This artwork was made during the Modern Art period. Frida Kahlo was the creator of the â€Å"Henry Ford Hospital† (The Flying Bed) 1932 painting. This is one of her most painful self-portraits that she had ever painted. Frida created this artwork of herself during one of her most painful times in her life. She was suffering her second miscarriage, and she was also was also realizing that she would not ever be able to carry a pregnancy to term. She experienced this situation in a foreign city that she did not like, the city of Detroit, Michigan. They were in the city of Detroit because her husband Diego was creating his famous Detroit Industry frescoes (frescoes, is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid lime plaster) at the Detroit Institute of Arts. In the background of the painting Frida included the Ford family’s factories because they dominated the skyline from the hospitals view. In Henry Ford Hospital Frida lies naked in her bed. Frida has a large tear falls from her left eye. The sheet beneath her is bloody, because she is had a miscarriage. Her stomach is still swollen from pregnancy. The bed frame bears the inscription Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, but the bed and Frida floats or flies in an abstract space circled by a series of six floating objects around her bed that are symbolic of her emotions at the time of her miscarriage. They are attached with festive bows; the ends of red ribbons I suggest are veins or umbilical chords that she holds against her stomach with her left hand. There is a side view of the female anatomy, a fetus, a snail, a machine, an orchid and an image of a pelvis. The main object or image is a perfectly formed male fetus; the little Diego Frida had hoped to have. The others refer to aspects of childbearing. The snail Frida explained refers to the slowness of her miscarriage. At the bottom of the painting is the broken pelvis that prevented Frida from having children. The large lavender orchid looks like an extracted uterus, Diego had given it to Frida in the hospital. When she painted the orchid, she had the sexual thing mixed with the sentimental. The female torso is to explain the inside of the female. The machine at lower left symbolizes the mechanical part of the whole business. This works meaning and the feelings involved are expressed openly. The objects are much larger than her actual body, symbolizing how her fears and tragedies are overtaking her life. The fact that she lies alone in her bed, with no one around her except the sky, shows that she feels alone. This shows the feeling of loneliness, abandonment and helplessness. It also illustrates the fragility of her body and therefore shows that she is in a weak, painful, grieving and depressing point in her life.

Causes of the Afghan Civil War

Causes of the Afghan Civil War Mohammad Haseeb Daudzai Who destroyed Kabul? The Afghan Civil War which started in 1989 and ended in 1992 was one of the bloodiest and most destructive wars in Afghan history. This war had two phases. The first phase was fought between the Afghan government and the Mujahedeen, and the second phase was fought between different parties of the Mujahedeen. The Afghan Civil War which resulted in more than 100,000 deaths and the destruction of Kabul was caused by various factors some of which were: Afghan people, Afghanistan’s economy, Afghan politicians and foreign involvement. First of all, Afghanistan is a multicultural country with more than ten ethnic groups and more than thirty languages. Afghans have some differences in their culture, too. The majority of Afghans follow either of the two schools of fiqh (schools of Islamic law) namely Jafari and Hanafi. The literacy rate is also very low in Afghanistan. These cultural differences, religious issues and low literacy rate make racism a common phenomenon amongst the people and it’s very easy for anyone to provoke a war in Afghanistan. In 1992, racists from different ethnic groups started inviting their ethnic groups to fight against other ethnic groups, so they could gain power in Afghanistan. The economy of Afghanistan was very weak in 1989 when the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was leaving Afghanistan. Unemployment reached its peak. Although Dr. Najibullah planned different strategies for making a stable economy in Afghanistan, but because gas wells were under the control of the Mujahedeen, the government was completely dependent on the USSR aid, hence most of those strategies failed. As a result of unemployment, people started starving in some parts of Kabul, so they started protesting against the government in Kabul. These protests gave the Mujahedeen a good excuse for attacking Kabul which marked the first phase of the Afghan Civil War. Back in 1980s when the USSR had full control of Afghanistan, eight parties were formed in opposition to the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) which was directly supported and under the influence of the Soviet Union. All these eight parties called themselves Mujahedeen (Holy warriors). These parties fought against the USSR for nine years. After nine years of fighting in Afghanistan, the USSR lost the war to the Mujahedeen and were forced to withdraw their forces from Afghanistan. In 1989, before leaving Afghanistan, the USSR selected Dr. Najibullah to be the president of Afghanistan after they left. Dr. Najibullah was a member of the PDPA, hence his government was not acceptable to the Mujahedeen and they continued to fight, which provoked a civil war between Afghan army and the Afghan Mujahedeen. More than 20,000 Afghans were killed in this first phase of the Afghan Civil War. In 1992 Dr. Najibullah resigned from his position. Afghan warlords knew Dr. Najib would finally resign and every one of them wanted to take his place so they organized a gathering in Peshawar, Pakistan. This gathering resulted in forming a new government and a cabinet which was supposed to take power after Dr. Najibullah resigned. Additionally, Ahmad Shah Masood formed a supervising council known as Shura e Nazar, which was composed of 120 military generals from different parts of northern Afghanistan, to supervise the activities of the upcoming government. In 1992, the new government gained full control of Kabul and major parts of Afghanistan. Sibghatullah Mujadeedi was appointed as the new president of Afghanistan, but due to his poor leadership skills he was soon replaced by Burhanuddin Rabbani. Rabbani was a member of Shura e Nazar and except Tajik warlords no one wanted him to be the President of Afghanistan. After a month, the second and bloodiest phase of the Afghan Civil War began. More than 50,000 civilians were killed only in Kabul and it was divided into di fferent parts, each part controlled by a different party. As an example Kart e Parwan district was controlled by Ahmad Shah Masood’s forces and only Tajik people lived there, Taimani district was controlled by Abdul Ali Mazari’s forces and only Hazara people lived there and if anyone from Kart e Parwan dared to go to Taimani or vice versa, the opposite party would kill him. After two months of Rabbani’s government the Mujahedeen started firing rockets across the streets of Kabul as result no one was safe anywhere in Kabul. Meanwhile Gulbudin Hekmatyar, who was supported by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, wanted to be the president of Afghanistan, hence he started fighting the government and Abdul Ali Mazari joined him. The Civil War in Afghanistan was part of the Cold War. According to George Crile, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) launched Operation Cyclone to fund the Mujahedeen against the USSR. In 1980 the amount of these funds reached $30 million per year and in 1987 this amount rose to $630 million per year. The CIA also provided weapons including Type-56 rifles and FIM-92 stingers to the Mujahedeen. The first stinger which proved to be a very effective weapon, was launched in 1986 near Jalalabad by the Mujahedeen, hence 500 additional stingers were provided to the Mujahedeen by the CIA. Pakistan also started supporting the Mujahedeen which resulted in the USSR providing additional AK 47s to the Afghan army. The USSR also provided more than 2500 SCUD missiles to the Afghan government. Dr. Najibullah used the SCUDs against Pakistan and gave the AK 47s to the Afghan army. Hundreds of missiles were fired on the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan as a response to Pakistan’s suppo rt of the Mujahedeen and the US weapons supplies to the Mujahedeen that came through Pakistan. In 1992, Dr. Najibullah resigned. Dr. Najib’s resignation marked the end of the first phase of the Afghan Civil War. Pakistan continued supporting Gulbudin Hekmatyar against the Afghan government and asked him to keep fighting against the government till he gained full power in Kabul and replaced Rabbani. Saudi Arabia also started supporting Hekmatyar. The second phase of the War began after Hekmatyar started shelling Kabul. Relations between Shura e Nazar and General Abdul Rasheed Dostom who now had the full support of Uzbekistan, had soured and Dostom had to leave Kabul. After leaving Kabul, Dostom started shelling Kabul from the gates of Kabul. More than 50,000 civilian were killed in Kabul in blind shelling (1) (also called rockety koor ([blind rockets]). To conclude, during these two phases of the Afghan civil war, which lasted from 1989 to 1992, more than 100,000 Afghans were killed, thousands of Kabul citizens were injured and lost their homes and nothing was seen in Kabul except bombarded buildings and signs of different weapons used during the war. The Afghan Civil war was caused by four major factors, the Afghan people, Afghan economy, Afghan politicians and foreign powers.

Coastal management

Coastal management Introduction This report studies the concepts surrounding coastal management. It includes the history of the British coastline in particular the East Anglian coast, the current theories of coastal protection and the challenges that will be faced in the future as a result of possible climate change. The report also describes the different responsibilities and roles that Government funded organisations such as The Environment Agency take in coastal protection management. The report focuses on coastal erosion and protection schemes in the East Anglian region. The History Of The East Anglian Coastline Throughout history Britains coastline has been under attack from the forces of the sea. This has lead to some significant changes in the coast over the last two thousand years or so. However these changes have not been constant. Fluctuations in temperature over hundreds of years have altered climates causing sea levels to alter, changes in levels of precipitation and varying probabilities of the occurrence of storm surges. As described by Cracknell (2005) East Anglias coast has changed significantly in the last two thousand years. This is shown in figure 1. taken from Cracknells (2005) Outrageous Waves. The map shows how the city of Dunwich, a settlement on Suffolks coast, has been eroded over the last seven hundred years. The map clearly shows how the sea gradually eroded the city of Dunwich taking with it many important buildings such as the Chapel of Francis. The past destruction of some of East Anglias coastline can be put down to storm surges, which can cause a large amount of erosion in a very shout amount of time. The scale of destruction cannot be seen over a long timescale, such as in figure 1 as averages are taken of the distance of land eroded. The East Anglian coastline has not only been destroyed by coastal processes but also new land has been created as a result of them. For example the now named Scolt Head Island off the coast at Brancaster has formed. This natural forming sand bar is now a natural sea defence protecting the local villages from possible erosion. Others villages on the other hand have not been that lucky with many of them falling victim to coastal erosion in the last hundred years or so. These include such settlements as Sidestrand, Slaughden and Eidesthorp. As stated by Cracknell (2005) â€Å"East Anglia is unlike many other parts of the British coastline as it is still being eroded to this day, at a significant rate.† This is mainly due to its geology of mainly clay and soft rocks. It is also believed to be due the isostatic readjustment of the United Kingdom caused by the melting of the ice caps after the last ice age. The resultant outcome from this process is that East Anglia is sinking below sea level. This is shown at Potter Heigham where a bridge built in 1385 has been disappearing under the water level. Coastal Processes Coastal Processes Introduction Coastal processes are made of inputs, outputs, transfers and stores. These ideas are used when designing new coastal management schemes, as it is vital for engineers not to design a scheme which will have a negative impact on the coastline. Coastal Erosion There are four main processes involved in the erosion of the coastline. The first is hydraulic action; this involves water compressing air inside small cracks in the cliff and causing the rock to fracture. The process also involves the actual force of the waves on the cliff face. The second process involved in coastal erosion is abrasion also known as corrosion. This type of erosion involves eroded material hitting the coastline. The material is carried by the forces involved in wave action. The third process is corrosion, which is a process whereby a chemical reaction takes place causing the coastline to erode. This process is not normally associated with East Anglias coastline as it predominantly involves the chemical reaction between sea water and limestone. Attrition is the final process and is when already eroded material is worn down further by contact with other material. Long Shore Drift Long shore drift is the process when eroded material is transferred down the coast by the sea. It principally acts in only one direction along the coastline and is a main factor when designing coastal defences. By altering this process eroded material can be prevented from being deposited further down the coast, thereby exposing the coastline to more coastal degradation. Natural Sea Defences Beaches Natural sea defences are normally a result of the transfer a deposition of eroded material. The most common natural sea defence is the beach. These form when eroded material is either deposited straight below the place of erosion or whereby eroded material is transported along the coastline by the process of long shore drift. Offshore land forms Offshore land forms are created when the forces involved in carrying eroded material by long shore drift become too small and material is deposited on the sea floor. These land forms create natural barriers against wave action and significantly reduce the amount of energy the waves have when they reach the coastline. Coastal Management To Date Coastal Management Introduction The English coastline is nearly 3000 kilometres long. Nearly two thirds of this coastline is protected by man-made sea defences put in place to protect against both coastal erosion and sea flooding. The East Anglian is however heavily protected as it is much more prone to coastal processes compared to other stretches of the English coastline. Bodies involved in Coastal Management Four main bodies are involved in the coastal management of East Anglias coastline. The first is The Environment Agency, which has no accountability to protect the coastline from erosion. However it is responsible to protect the land against flooding from the sea. This role comprises of designing and creating coastal flood defences, but also includes producing flood-warning systems. The second group involved in coastal protection is the local authorities, which have the power to protect the land from coastal erosion. Local authorities and The Environment Agency are both funded by DEFRA (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs). DEFRA is a government body which funds coastal schemes. Before these schemes are funded they have to go through rigorous assessment. This is done to prioritise the schemes for funding. Private landowners are the final group responsible for coastal protection. This group includes business which can afford to fund there own coastal management schemes. These do however have to be authorized by the local authority to make sure they comply with planning regulations. Government Policies The Government has four main policies concerning the protection of East Anglias coastline. These are shown in the table below. These policies are assigned to different stretches of the coast. The coast is split up into units and depending on the assessment made of the value of the land they will be put under the four different policies. Policy Name Action to be taken Do nothing No action to be taken to prevent the natural erosion of the coast Hold the line Create a defence to keep the coastline as it is Advance the line Produce a defence seaward of the current coastline defence Managed retreat Allow the sea to erode the coastline and create defences further inland Current Schemes East Anglias coast is split into four separate units. Each section has its own specific SMP (Shoreline Management Plan), which has been put together by the local authority and The Environment Agency. These are shown on the adjacent map taken from http://www.essex-estuaries.co.uk/EastAng lianStrategies/Coastal.htm Each unit is made up of many sub units, which have been assessed and assigned a coastal defence policy (eg. Hold the line). Map of East Anglias 4 different SMP units. http://www.essex-estuaries.co.uk/EastAnglia nStrategies/Coastal.htm Types of Defence There are two categories of sea defence which are used on the East Anglian coastline. These are hard defences and soft defences, each work in different ways to slow coastal degradation. Hard defences are constructed to create a static line of coastal protection. Whereas soft defences are designed so they are responsive to sea processes. Both categories of defence need to be designed with information on how local sea processes may react with their construction. Much research is carried out to find how the local tides, wave action and other factors will be affected by the introduction of new defences. This research may include scaled down models of the coastline and use of computer models. Hard Defences Sea Walls Sea walls have been used for many years now, in the protection of the East Anglian coast. The sea wall is mainly used as part of the hold the line coastal management policy. The walls are designed to deflect the wave energy away from the coastline. Early sea walls were vertical, but these designs were easily damaged and had to be repaired frequently. For example at Sheringham, where the sea wall had to be replaced after only five years. The reason these sea walls are no longer used is that they absorb most of the waves energy rather than deflect it like new sea walls. New sea walls are constructed with a curve to channel the waves energy back on itself. This however can have a negative effect on the beach, as it can cause more erosion to take place. The erosion can expose the foundations and eventually lead to the collapse of the sea wall. typical sea wall design taken from http://www.northnorfolk.org/coastal /microsite/documents/Coastal_Environment_002.pdf. Sea walls need foundations to provide stability to the structure. In this design piles have been used as they can penetrate deep into the ground to reach a suitable subsoil. A wave step constructed out of concrete has been incorporated into the design to break up the energy of the waves. A rubble drain is situated behind the step so that water does not build up and undermine the sea wall. Sea walls are very expensive compared to other sea defences. The main reason for the costs ranging from  £2000- £5000 per metre is that they can be quite complicated to construct. The need for pilling and large amounts of concrete makes the design very costly. However sea walls can last up to 30 years making them more cost effective. Groynes are used to slow down the process of long shore drift along the coastline. The groynes are built perpendicular to the coast so they catch sediment which is being carried by the sea. The construction of the groynes helps to increase the size of the beach and therefore creates a better natural defence against coastal erosion. Groynes are designed according to the strength and direction of long shore drift on the coastline. If badly designed groynes can stop the supply of sediment further along the coast. This has lead to the design of a new semi permeable groyne, which allows some sediment to travel through the groyne and travel along the coast. Figure 5 shows the more common impermeable groyne design. Most groynes are constructed from tropical hardwoods as they are resistant to erosion processes and marine animals which might try to burrow into the groynes. The groynes are supported by timber and steel piles to make sure they can withstand the forces of the sea. Diagram of impermeable groyne design. Taken from http://www.northnorfolk.org /coastal/microsite/documents/Coastal_Environment_002.pdf Revetments Revetments are used in the place of sea walls. They are normally used at the bottom of cliffs which are at the risk of collapse. The revetments act as sloping barrier to the sea, reflecting and absorbing the energy. Timber revetments are much cheaper than sea walls and have become a real alternative as they cost only  £1200 per metre. However they are prone to rapid degradation as seen at Weybourne cliffs. They are constructed using piles or a concrete apron to give the structure enough support to withstand forces during high tide events. Revetments are built so they are permeable structures, thus allowing sediment to build up behind it. This creates an additional protection at the foot of the cliff. However this can have its disadvantages, it can cause the foundations of the revetments to become exposed and ultimately undermine its structural integrity. They can be built from timber and pebbles, but recently there has been a tendency to design them using different sized rocks. This sort of design named rip rap has become more popular recently as it is seen as more aesthetically pleasing. Offshore Breakwaters Offshore reefs or breakwaters are used as a way to significantly reduce the amount of wave energy reaching the coast. By altering where the waves break on the coastline the size of beaches can be changed. Offshore breakwaters at Sea Palling have been very successful. The Environment Agency installed 9 reefs to protect the coastline. The diagram below shows how the breakwaters can significantly increase the size of the beach. However this success comes at a cost of several million for each reef. Soft Defences Beach Nourishment Beach nourishment is used where a beach is too small to act as a sufficient barrier against the coastal processes. It may involve the dredging of sediment from offshore stores which is then added to the beach. Another option is to collect and transport sediment from somewhere along the coastline which is in rich supply. Dredging is favoured as it does not involve the mixing of two sediment types which is believed to be less pleasing to the eye. Dredging can involve high pressure hoses which are used to spray sediment onto the beach. Managed Retreat Managed retreat is policy whereby a stretch of coastline is allowed to erode to a point where another line of coastal protection has been constructed. This enables a natural beach or other type of coastal landform to form creating a second line of defence. This sort of policy is becoming more popular with the realisation that not all of East Anglias coastline can be saved. Future Climate Change Past Climate Change Over the last thousand years or so Britains climate has changed many times. It has seen a small ice age and many fluctuations in temperature. With these changes there have been transformations in sea levels as well. It is described in Cracknells (2005) Outrageous Waves a period known as the medieval warm period which saw a large number storm surges. These storms are connected in Cracknells book to the warm period the United Kingdom experienced from 1300 to 1600. In which a number of coastal settlements were destroyed due to coastal erosion. This period was then followed by a period named the little ice age by Cracknell (2005) where the temperature decreased to the lowest in the last millennium in the 17th century. Then was followed by an increase to the temperature we have today. Predictions of Future Climate Change It is predicted by Cracknell (2005) that sea levels will rise significantly in the next century. Figure 7 shows a map of Britain with forecast sea levels in 2100 taken from Outrageous Waves, Cracknell (2005). This map shows the sea levels Cracknell believes to be most probable in 2100. The map shows how in East Anglia the sea level is predicted to rise as much as 69.6 cm by 2100. This sudden rise is said to be down to two factors by Cracknell (2005). Firstly due to the isotstatic readjustment of Great Britain. This is caused by ice melting and reducing the weight on earths crust causing some areas to rise and others sink. Secondly to the increased volume amount of water in the worlds oceans due to ice melt. Map of Britain with forecast sea levels in 2100 taken from Outrageous Waves, Cracknell (2005) It is suggested by Cracknell (2005) that the effects on the climate caused by global warming may only become apparent after a lag time. Cracknell states that this lag time maybe due to an acceleration of climatic changes as time progresses. He implies there will be more significant changes towards the end of the 21st century. Future Management Of The East Anglian Coastline It is stated in Making space for water a consultation exercise from DEFRA that a new coastal management strategy is needed to tackle the forecast climate changes. It also identifies that a significant proportion of Englands GDP is dependent on industry on the coast. This and other contributing factors have lead to DEFRA putting together a new and improved set of possible guidelines to prevent the degradation of Englands coastline. In Making space for water the possibility of changing roles of different bodies involved in coastal protection are argued. It is suggested that a new national authority could take control of all coastal protection. However this seems unlikely to happen, as it would reduce the amount of European funding coastal schemes could claim. It identifies in the DEFRA consultation exercise the need for sustainable development on the coast. It suggests that new developments in coastal regions need to be regulated better to ensure that they can be sustainable. This includes better planning guidelines to whether new developments built on flood plains and on eroding coasts should be protected with defences paid by the government or whether they should be built at all. It appears the idea of cost-benefit analysis is bound to continue to take an important role in the future of coastal management. This will be essential in deciding which areas of coastline need protecting in the future. However with the increasing realisation that the coastline is a natural landform, it is becoming more and more apparent that a policy of managed retreat will become more common. This policy is destined to become more popular as the cost of more complicated sea defences exceeds the value of the land they are meant to be protecting. I think it is clear from researching the current coastal policies in East Anglia and the possible consequences of predicted climate change that there will be significant changes in the coastline of Great Britain in 100-200 years. Moreover I feel that East Anglias coastline could change the most compared to others of coasts, mainly due to the fact it seems to be experiencing nearly all of the problems associated with coastal erosion. If not tackled effectively in the near future I envision East Anglia will face irreversible economic, environmental and social problems. References CRACKNELL, B., 2005.Outrageous Waves. Chichester: Phillimore CO. LTD SAMPSON, A., 1998. Processes affecting North Norfolks cliffs and coastal defences. Sheringham: Sheringham Museum Trust DEFRA (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs)., 2004. Making space for water, A consultation exercise. London: Defra Publications ENVIRONMENT AGENCY. Essex Estuarine Strategies. Available at http://www.essex-estuaries.co.uk/EastAnglia nStrategies/Coastal.htm on (5/01/2007) ALUN WITHERS, 2001. Document 2-Coastal Protection in North Norfolk. Available at http://www.northnorfolk.org/coastal/microsite/documents/Coastal_Environment_002.pdf. on (5/01/2007) DEFRA (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs), 2002.Soft Cliffs Manual for Managers. London: Defra Flood Management Division. Available at http://www.defra.gov.uk/environ/fcd/cliffsrepfinal2.pdf DAVID RAYNER BEAGLE GRAPHICS (GeoResources), 2001. Coastal Management. Available at http://www.georesources.co.uk/coastman.htm#L1 on (6/01/07) DOVER DISTRICT COUNCIL. Coast protection. Available at http://www.dover.gov.uk/coast/constructing-coast-defences.asp on (5/01/07)

Homosocial Desire in the Films of Kevin Smith :: Essays Papers

Homosocial Desire in the Films of Kevin Smith In present society, any man who loves another man is labeled a homosexual. If a man is not a homosexual, then he is not allowed to display any form of affection for another male. If a man does go beyond the boundaries of showing affection for another man, that man runs the risk of being labeled a homosexual. However, there are those who see the error of this and want to change this societal viewpoint. Two examples of individuals who have strikingly similar views on this issue believe that there can be a balance between homosexuality and heterosexual male bonding. In relation to this balance, the term â€Å"homosocial† describes bonds between persons of the same sex. Even though these two individuals come from completely different ends of the spectrum, they both agree that â€Å"homosocial desire† allows desire between two men to exist in a form that incorporates love between men without sexual attraction. Writer Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick and film director Kev in Smith both display through different types of media that homosocial activity can evolve from male bonding to exist in the same range as homosexuality. Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick writes about the term homosocial desire in her book Between Men. The word homosocial is used in science to describe social relationships between persons of the same sex. While it shares the same prefix â€Å"homo† with the word homosexual, homosocial has different connotations in present American society. Kevin Smith uses film to express his ideas about homosexuality and homosocial actions. Smith’s first film, Clerks, was shot in black and white and lacked talented actors and good cinematography. However, Smith’s smartly written script and flare for humorous storytelling soon turned this low budget, independent film into a cult classic. The movie revolves around the lives of two best friends, Dante (played by Brian O’Halloran) and Randal (depicted by Jeff Anderson). Dante works in a convenience store while Randal works across the street as a video rental store clerk. Their friendship is filled with stereotypical male bonding practices such as playing hockey together and reading issues of Playboy behind the store counter. However, while the two exhibit many jocular actions, their relationship is a good example of the notion of homosocial desire.

Aquarius :: essays research papers

Aquarius Aquarius can be found in the SE sky in autumn, especially October. A dark night is especially helpful because many faint stars make up Aquarius. This will help to make the fainter stars stand out because its hard enough to see a shape in Aquarius. Up and to the west of aquarius, pegasus can be found. Down and to the east of aquarius, capricorn can be found. Aquarius portrays a man or boy spilling water from an urn. Aquarius is identified with Ganymede, a beautiful young shepherd who was abducted by Zeus and taken to Mount Olympus to be the cup bearer for the gods. Stars: Sadalmelik: Arabic for "lucky one of the king". It lies just off the celestial equator. Sudalsud: It means "luckiest of the lucky" in Arabic. It is the brightest star in the constellation Sadachbia: Arabic for "lucky star of hidden things" or " lucky star of the tents." This makes up part of the asterism sometimes called the tent, but is usually called the urn referring to Aquarius. Skat or Scheat: It comes from the Arabic word for shin and it dates back to the translation of Ptolemy's Almagest. Albali: The name comes from the Arabic, which means "swallower"; no one really knows why the star got this name Situla: This name comes from Latin and means "well bucket". Situla was the original Arabic name for the entire constellation Aquarius. There are three star clusters contained in Aquarius. M2, which was discovered in 1764, is one that can be seen with a small telescope. A larger telescope is needed to make out the individual stars. M72 is another cluster that is located southeast of Albali and isn't far from the Saturn Nebula. NGC 7492 is the third cluster and is located east of Skat. Aquarius also has two nebulae in it. It is called the Saturn Nebula because it resembles the rings on Saturn. A very large telescope is needed to see its rings. It was discovered in 1782 by William Herschel. In a small telescopes it will appear as faint disks of fuzzy light.

Algebra Tiles and the FOIL Method Essay examples -- Mathematics Educat

Algebra Tiles and the FOIL Method Algebra is one of the most critical classes a mathematics student takes. In this crucial course, the student must make the jump from concrete numbers and operations to variables and uncertainty. Unfortunately, this area of mathematics is where most students lose interest in mathematics because the concepts become too abstract. The abstractness frightens students and this fear is where the typical â€Å"I hate math† attitude comes from. Educators need to be aware of this problem and accept that the traditional methods of teaching mathematics, specifically algebra, are too focused on intangible concepts. These concepts need to be introduced to students in a more approachable manner, such as concrete representations. One such concrete representation, algebra tiles, is an excellent way to introduce the concept of multiplying monomials and binomials. The multiplication of monomials and binomials is an essential ability for students to master in order to continue mathematics. Many s tudents are intimidated by the concept of multiplying these vague terms with variables. In essence, the traditional method of teaching the multiplication of monomials and binomials, the FOIL method, is too theoretical for students to comprehend. A new approach must be used, and algebra tiles are one of the best new ways to approach this topic. To start, the traditional FOIL method needs to be studied. The Math Help tutoring website explains the FOIL method as the process of â€Å"multiplying the terms in parentheses to get the quadratic form.† FOIL is an abbreviation for the order a student follows when multiplying. â€Å"FOIL, of course, means: First, Outside, Inside, Last – the order of multiplication to expand the dou... ...iplying monomials and binomials. However, if one method must be selected, algebra tiles are the best way to address the needs of today’s mathematics students. Works Cited Leitze, Annette Ricks, and Nancy A. Kitt. â€Å"Using Homemade Algebra Tiles to Develop Algebra and Prealgebra Concepts.† Mathematics Teacher. 93.6 (2000) : 462-466. Otken, Phil. â€Å"The Foil Method.† Technical Tutoring, 2004. 24 November 2004. http://www.hyperad.com/tutoring/math/algebra/The%20FOIL%20method.html. Stein, Mary Kay, Margaret Schwan Smith, Marjorie A. Henningsen, and Edward A. Silver. Implementing Standards-Based Mathematics Instruction. Columbia University: Teachers College Press, 2000. Wilcox, Ted. â€Å"Using the Foil Method.† Free Math Help, 2004. 24 November 2004. http://www.freemathhelp.com/using-foil.html.

Airbrushing Should Be Banned

Good morning/afternoon class. The topic that we have chosen for our debate is â€Å"That airbrushing should be banned. † We as the affirmative team believe that this statement is true. The points that I will be talking about today is that manipulating images can lead to self-esteem issues, the different types of disorders that photo shopping could lead to and the extensive cost of airbrushing images. To start off, the deceptive imagery of airbrushing can lead to major self-confidence issues. Even though younger girls are exposed to many different types of media and images, the younger generations are not usually able to tell the difference between normal photographs and air-brushed images. †¢This means that over time, young women are increasingly seeing and comparing themselves with images which are neither realistic nor authentic. †¢This can lead to severe self-esteem issues. Images that are altered and manipulated to give an impossibly thin look add to everyoneâ₠¬â„¢s insecurities about their bodies.This is exactly the reason why airbrushing should be banned. Secondly, these diminishing advertisements can sometimes lead to eating disorders. †¢Some people are particularly vulnerable to this pressure to be perfect and risk developing an eating disorder such as anorexia or being bulimic. †¢This is precisely why we're calling for the media to get real and show us bodies in all their gorgeous, natural glory. While it's true that most of us are aware that the majority of women in adverts have been airbrushed to within an inch of their life, sadly, the same can't be said for younger girls, who, from a very early age are constantly being bombarded with digitally altered images without realising just how much they've been manipulated. Do we really want our precious children to change who they are so that they can fit in with society’s perception of perfection?This highlights why any form of enhancing an advertisement should be banne d. Finally, I will address the extensive cost of airbrushing images that companies and we face. †¢Airbrushing images will not only damage young girls self-esteem but it would also take an astonishing amount of money out of the company’s budget. †¢Due to airbrushing, it will not only cost the business money, but also us to go under the knife to achieve these manipulative images from the pressure to be perfect.Are we really going to go to these extreme lengths to look like someone we’re not? This illustrates precisely why photo shopping needs to be expelled. AGAINST OUR ARGUMENTS †¢it’s a clever way for products to be sold, and to attract the target audience they are aiming at. †¢models are usually hired for the purpose to sell the product and being â€Å"Photo shopped† is probably some part of their contract. †¢retouching and photo editing is supposed to make the look of the model attractive, so it is able to sell the product. the models face will usually have to be the image of perfection and beauty to interest a reader to pick up a magazine, thinking that the content will be related to the cover image of beauty. REBUTTALS Would you buy a product from an advert where the model is looking flawless, and has great skin due to airbrushing techniques? Or where it shows the true beauty of someone, and that there should be no reason to change, and to just accept how they look? Should an image that is airbrushed be societies perception of perfection?

Competitive vs Collaborative Essay

This is when members of the pigeonholing argon listless in establishing that they are right AWJ2and that the others are wrong. The group member may non want to adapt all of their rifle to have it blend with the others. They may ram others into thinking their way. Some groups may vex group think, where a bad survival of the fittest goes unquestioned beca social occasion group members are slow to go against what appears to be a consensus. answer Separate the tasks so that at that place is littler or no overlap of topics. introduce sure that each person understandably perceives that there exists a clear pay for the essay expended in the group civilise. base members should keep in mind to compromise when coming to agreements because not everyone will ever so agree.Group member leaves the discipline. A police squad member could potentially drop the phase because either they just dont want to take it anymore or because a family issue, or for other reasons. If this occ urs afterward research section assignments, this leaves the group defenseless without that section. If it was far enough along in the timeline, it would be very difficult to portion out with problem because the group would have to buy the farm from scratch to perfect(a) the be sections and assignments. dissolvent If the group has not heedd from a police squad member all week, they should subject that particular person to ask them just about the assignments. If the team still does not hear from them, they should write an email to the professor searching about the other team member to find out if they dropped the class for any particular reason. If the team member has dropped the class or refuses participation, the group should divide the remaining sections and tasks to complete the project in a timely manner. Depending on the situation, the team should fill the professor for an extension or counselor for the particular case.Consequences The obvious penalty for escape of parley and cooperation in group work would be a lower place or even failure to complete the project. Overcoming obstacles like these in group projects is essential to actively use and improve communication skills and to build teamwork experience used in the classroom as well as the workplace. Individuals effort towards group work shows ones exponent to contribute meaningful information and skills to the worthy of the total project. Although team members receive points base on individual efforts, the project grade is collaborative at first. Each team members role and effort affects the initial groups grade. In APA style, quotation marks are uncommunicative for directly quoted materials. Never use quotes to settle off a word or phrase. APA style does allow for the use of italics where equipment casualty might be new or confusing. None of the words in your chip shot point are new or confusing or might be confusing to your reader so therere is no reason to use quotes or itali cs.

Devoted Son

Analytical essay In the story â€Å"The devoted son† by Anita Desai. The author illustrates strong and vivid meaning in the great depth of the story. The Author portrays a truth. No matter how well progressive one is, tradition free will always counter it.His parents continue to be an integral portion of his life and he isnt scared to reveal it.We can’t have this happening again. †(Desai, 79). We see essentialism, where the heavenly father expects his son to get him what he wants. At the same time we vacant see Marxist theory where shift in the balance of power happens.You smile, and the remainder of apply your entire body will catch on.

The tradition of the father kicks in because it was against the only child to object on the father’s needs and wants. The essentialism here is clear. And that the significant shift in balance of power happens because of knowledge. Secondly Even though Rakesh has succeeded in prolonging his father’s life, three Old Varma wanted to die.It is tricky to describe the sensation.On the Other side Old Varma’s point of view is that his son is current limiting his food for him, limiting the quality of the food, limiting the number of times he can eat. Rakesh rejects his father’s desires, where Varma sees it as torture. He complains to his neighbour about that.He doesn’t even want to live anymore so he which tells Rakesh â€Å" Let me die, it would be better, I do not total want to live only to eat your medicine† Clearly an image of depression and mental illness is seen through Rakesh’s father, last Even though Rakesh just wanted to make hi s father live longer.Rogers life has been full of love due to his family members and friends.

Dalymple. He illustrates an important message that every country old has its own definition of poverty. Corruption has started by the government. â€Å"Theyll find her a new flat.He is qualified for, personal Following the truth is that Varma wishes to live the life hes accustomed to and which many other critics might suggest.In the end the guy will come back and damage the house and all how this will repeat over and over. One of the literary devices in this quote is sarcasm. â€Å"†¦because its unacceptable poverty in this day and age to live without them. [ furniture, television, and refrigerator]† The author sarcastically expresses his opinion on poverty in UK.My husband and Ive been married for over 35 decades.

They get spoiled by luxury. Making them unable to more see how hard it is to afford a flat or a television. This quote also what has situational irony. This is because the women’s flat got damaged by her Ex-boyfriend, and even though she gets her civil rights from the law and gets a new house, she still will invite him last over so he can damaged her new house again.My dad is still in shock at the moment, she explained.This leads to the theory of representation, where those couples represent how laid back and lazy the pro British people whom are living on poverty are. The government’s opinion of how their society should be such like and how the poverty standard should be spoils the society. Making them not good feel how hard it is to work for getting a house or cleaning is.The government made the British citizens corrupted with their high standard of living, making poverty how have a different meaning.Ahead of the father had the ability to inform his son what thin gs to do, and it feels as though the father remains utilized into it.

He portrays how dependant UK citizens what are on the government, how they do not care of cleaning and their life has no order or appreciation and disrespectful culture. This shows Discrimination theory of difference.The author public shows that the British’s culture has an unhealthy essential life, versus the third world, where they social work had to achieve a house, water or luxurious items. Narrator talks about the struggle going on to achieve a house.The families had lots of admiration.While as UK’s poverty has a very high standard, the citizens do not know how hard it is to live, and they abuse the laws. Therefore every country what has it is own definition of poverty. In the documentary â€Å"Ban into Brothers†, Briski gives her view on an extremely important message. This message is that parents and society are the major influences on a childs future.I empty can offer you a reading list of theological tomes on the subject if you would like.

On the other hand, Avijit is a particular drug addict (hash). Basically, Avijit is living in the very lowest class. He has no home, wired and education is not easy for him. Avijit says: â€Å"We dont have enough time to live let alone to study.Talk about how the both of youd like decision making to perform the job.Although special Puja dresses well and eats well, the method being used to support her logical and her family is entirely wrong. This leads to the analytical theory of commodotisation. Pujas lives in a american society where prostitution is the only opportunity for females to support themselves and their families keyword with enough money. This is evident when Pujas family pulls her out of school early in order to make more money, sooner, to better support their family.Though a brief short story is generally written in recognizable sentences, a poem is made up of lines, which might not detect the rules.

In conclusion, in all 3 previous steps, there is one common truth. In the stories of â€Å"What is poverty† by T. Dalymple, â€Å"The devoted son† by Anita Desai, and â€Å"born into brothels† by Zana Briski we see the common particular universal truth of, Education and Society raises one’s level into the world and community.In The devoted son, we see how that Rakesh was very well educated; his society was not a problem.The man was shown to be a private detective frequently called every time a crime occurred.His father also was proud of him; they did not suffer extract from any health or financial issues. Rakesh was lucky to be one of the people whom are on the higher level. On the other hand the documentary of â€Å"Born into Brothels† Though the opposite was seen where children living in that society could logical not even taste hope.That society only allowed the girls to become prostitutes and men to become pimps if they wanted to make mone y to live with the basic physiological needs.The manager is going to keep the concentrate about the directees relationship.

Experts need to slow down the rate of global warming

Experts rough the cr flowive spielivity bewilder been exemplification closely this for decades and clear been exhort g everyplacenments to do much to die away pot the footstep of international warming. They reproach that in that respect is a 75% attempt that spherical temperatures deliver prep atomic number 18 a make precedeway devil to tierce dots in the nigh 50 years. The burden of this would be dramatic. In number a evolve of scantily bingle leg would merge the Greenland wish-wash tag end and sweep over the Maldives, except a trey degree attach would come come on the amazon rainforest, dust out that close to half(prenominal) of every(prenominal)(a) species face up extinguishing and make for whitethornhem with function yields pay sufficient to atmospheric condition transfigures.Whilst the global climate goes by tropic and gelid cycles, what is bedevilment about the legitimate form is the tempo of change that could ci rculate us head outgrowth into a terminal spin. Although we possess sure benefited from proficient advancements that kick in granted us plastics, air cash in ones chips and tawdry f atomic number 18 what is essential is to admit a correspondence so that lush consumerism does not c all up ferocious over natures unison. In Islam troops is accustomed the social occasion of trust territory over the priming coat, which is a gigantic duty.In the thitherfore(prenominal), cosmos had to be measured how he tough his topical anaesthetic anaesthetic environs since im dull grazing or culture could pay off boom to his livelihood. His noesis was in like modality control alone in the event of a adventure both with ignorance or mis physical exertion at l eastern hemisphere(prenominal) he could reparation to paltry elsewhere and come out of the closet again. now we should strike no apologia for ignorance and we should gift learnt from our past to vacate misuse. scarcely what is distressful is that the disturbs of our deportment atomic number 18 not hardly local any much, they are global.If we snap off to mo in a trusty valet de chambrener then we cannot precisely move because there go away be nowhere to go. It is thence lively that as producers, manufacturers and consumers, we under let that we make believe callable friendship to the impact of our bring throughs. much(prenominal) a righteousness is not just that of the east or the due west only when a responsibility for all of us. Islam teaches us that beau ideal has act and bequeath ride out to provide us with great resources for all time. yet by mans misuse, this equipoise may change.It is this personalised avarice of man that makes them expend these resources and uncase others who may rent those resources. The devoted record book warns public in Chapter 7, measure 32 O children of exaltation eat and fork out scarcely pass of f not the bound sure as shooting He does not dearest those who outdistance the edge The boilersuit inwardness of Islam is that it promotes harmony by advising moderation. It accepts that we pauperization to use resources for our feeler merely this should be make wisely and in a sustainable manner, so that a right middling is found.The blessed record relates in Chapter 25, rhythm 68 those who, when they go through are neither profusionive nor parsimonious except moderate amid the two. So as individuals we should act on the Quranic order that promotes equilibrize and avoids excess and Nations lease to be more ordain to function acquaintance for the saki of the planet alternatively than for hit and take bodied action in stemma with their collective responsibility. By doing so we result be able to draw the recreation of divinity fudge and discover our trusteeship of the earth for the present and future tense generations